The Arjuna Award, officially known as Arjuna Awards given for Outstanding Performance in Sports and Games,[3] is the second-highest sporting honour of India, the highest being the Major Dhyan Chand Khel Ratna Award. The award is named after Arjuna, one of the characters of the SanskritepicMahabharata of ancient India.[4] In Hinduism, he has been seen as a symbol of hard work, dedication and concentration.[5] It is awarded annually by the Ministry of Youth Affairs and Sports. Before the introduction of the Major Dhyan Chand Khel Ratna in 1991–1992, the Arjuna award was the highest sporting honour of India.[6][7] The nominations for the award are received from all government recognised National Sports Federations, the Indian Olympic Association, the Sports Authority of India (SAI), the Sports Promotion and Control Boards, the state and the union territory governments and the Major Dhyan Chandra Khel Ratna, Arjuna, Dhyan Chand and Dronacharya awardees of the previous years. The recipients are selected by a committee constituted by the Ministry and are honoured for their "good performance in the field of sports over a period of four years" at the international level and for having shown "qualities of leadership, sportsmanship and a sense of discipline." As of 2020[update], the award comprises "a bronzestatuette of Arjuna, certificate, ceremonial dress, and a cash prize of ₹15 lakh (US$18,000)."[a]
Instituted in 1961 to honour the outstanding sportspersons of the country,[8] the award over the years has undergone a number of expansions, reviews and rationalizations. The award was expanded to include all the recognised disciplines in 1977, introduced indigenous games and physically handicapped categories in 1995 and introduced a lifetime contribution category in 1995 leading to creation of a separate Dhyan Chand Award in 2002.[9][10] The latest revision in 2018 stipulates that the award is given only to the disciplines included in the events like Olympic Games, Paralympic Games, Asian Games, Commonwealth Games, World Championship and World Cup along with Cricket, Indigenous Games, and Parasports. It also recommends giving only fifteen awards in a year, relaxing in case of excellent performance in major multi-sport events, team sports, across gender and giving away of at least one award to physically challenged category.[3]
^The cash prize was introduced in the year 1977–1978 as a scholarship of ₹200 (US$2.30) a month for 2 years.[11] It was revised to one time cash prize of ₹5,000 (US$59) in 1986,[12] to ₹20,000 (US$230) in 1987,[13] to ₹50,000 (US$590) in 1993,[14] to ₹1.5 lakh (US$1,800) in 1998,[15] to ₹3 lakh (US$3,500) in 2001,[16] to ₹5 lakh (US$5,900) in 2009,[17] and to ₹15 lakh (US$18,000) in 2020.[18]
"National Sports Awards-2019". Ministry of Youth Affairs and Sports (India). Archived from the original on 29 December 2020. Retrieved 13 September 2020.
"National Sports Awards 2020". Ministry of Youth Affairs and Sports (India). Archived from the original on 29 December 2020. Retrieved 13 September 2020.
^ ab"Revised Scheme of Arjuna Award"(PDF). Ministry of Youth Affairs and Sports (India). 7 September 2018. Archived(PDF) from the original on 29 December 2020. Retrieved 22 September 2020.
^"Cash awards for Arjuna winners"(PDF) (Press release). Press Information Bureau, India. 12 October 1977. Archived(PDF) from the original on 29 December 2020. Retrieved 22 September 2020.
^"Arjuna Awards further expanded"(PDF) (Press release). Press Information Bureau, India. 24 May 1995. Archived(PDF) from the original on 29 December 2020. Retrieved 22 September 2020.
^"Two years Scholarship for winners"(PDF) (Press release). Press Information Bureau, India. 27 October 1978. Archived(PDF) from the original on 29 December 2020. Retrieved 22 September 2020.
^"Value of cash prize enhanced"(PDF) (Press release). Press Information Bureau, India. 30 May 1989. Archived(PDF) from the original on 29 December 2020. Retrieved 22 September 2020.
^"Value of cash prize enhanced" (Press release). Press Information Bureau, India. 1 September 1998. Archived from the original on 29 December 2020. Retrieved 22 September 2020.
^"Arjuna Awards scheme Revised" (Press release). Press Information Bureau, India. 3 April 2002. Archived from the original on 29 December 2020. Retrieved 22 September 2020.
